September 7, 2017

POINT OF CONTACT

Principle investigator:
     Richard.Eckman
     NOAA Air Resources Laboratory Field Research Division
     1750 Foote Dr.
     Idaho Falls, ID 83402
     Richard.Eckman@noaa.gov
     (208) 526-2740

README.TXT - Description of Data Files from WSU LAR Sonic Anemometers

WSULAR installed five 3-d Campbell Scientific CSAT3 sonic anemometers at the 
EC and ST locations indicated on Fig. 5 during the month of October. Thus 
they were in place for all of the nighttime IOPs. Besides the GRI, COC, and G2 
sonic measurements, the EC and ST sites provided most of the information 
about the homogeneity of the wind and turbulence fields in the horizontal during 
IOPs 5-8. At the EC sites the CSAT3 anemometers were collocated with LICOR 
IRGAs for the measurement of the fluxes of latent heat, water vapor, and carbon 
dioxide.

The WSULAR 3-d sonic data were continuously recorded for the duration of the 
experimental period at 10 Hz on a compact flash card installed in Campbell 
Scientific CR5000 data loggers, one for each 3-d sonic and IRGA pair.

In addition to the measurements on the five 3-d sonic anemometers and two IRGAs, 
WSULAR also made a suite of other measurements at the two EC sites. Measurements 
of non-aspirated air temperature and relative humidity were made using Rotronic 
HC2S3 sensors. Radiation measurements at these two sites included net shortwave, 
net longwave, and net radiation. Soil temperatures were measured at 2.5 and 5 cm 
depths, soil water content at 2.5 cm, soil heat flux at 5 cm.

The WSULAR 3-d sonic data and LICOR data were processed following algorithms 
described in Vickers and Mahrt (1997). This included calculations of means, 
standard deviations, and covariances for 10 and 30 min averages and quality 
control tests for spike detection, checks for excessive skewness and kurtosis, 
and time lag tests for the LICOR measurements. These calculations were both pre 
and post rotation.

Data File Formats 

There are a total of 40 files containing processed WSULAR sonic data, 10 files 
per nighttime IOP (IOPS 5-8). There are five 10-min and five 30-min average files 
for each of the IOPs, one set each for the EC1, EC2, T1, T2, and T3 sites. Each 
file contains data for a 24 h period encompassing the corresponding IOP. The data 
filenames are PSB2data_WSU_IOPn_id#_xxm_yymin.csv where n is the designation 
of the IOP, id represents the tower type designation (EC=eddy correlation, 
ST=sonic only), # represents the site identification number for that tower 
type, and xx represents the measurement height (m agl), and yy is the 
averaging period in minutes. The two EC sites include data from a collocated 
LICOR. Missing values are indicated by -9999. The column header designations 
for these sonic data files are:	

	Header		Units		Description
1	'date'		[yyyymmdd]	yyyy is the year, mm is the month, dd is the day
2	'time'		[hh:mm]		hh:mm' is the middle of the 10 or 30 minute averaging period, e.g. 00:00-00:30 -> 00:15
3	'decimal_day'	[#]		decimal day of year
4	'U_star'	[m+1s-1]	friction velocity
5	'WS'		[m+1s-1]	wind speed
6	'WD'		[deg]		wind direction
7	'Temp_air'	[K]		air temperature
8	'RH'		[%]		Relative humidity
9	'u_unrot'	[m+1s-1]	Mean unrotated u 
10	'v_unrot'	[m+1s-1]	Mean unrotated v 
11	'w_unrot'	[m+1s-1]	Mean unrotated w 
12	'u_rot'		[m+1s-1]	Mean rotated u 
13	'v_rot'		[m+1s-1]	Mean rotated v 
14	'w_rot'		[m+1s-1]	Mean rotated w 
15	'Ts_avg'	[K]		Mean sonic temperature
16	'c_avg'		[mg+1m-3]	Mean CO2 concentration
17	'q_avg'		[g+1m-3]	Mean H2O concentration
18	'p_avg'		[kPa]		Mean pressure from LiCor
19	'u_unrot_SD'	[m+1s-1]	Standard deviation of unrotated u 
20	'v_unrot_SD'	[m+1s-1]	Standard deviation of unrotated v 
21	'w_unrot_SD'	[m+1s-1]	Standard deviation of unrotated w 
22	'u_SD'		[m+1s-1]	Standard deviation of rotated u  
23	'v_SD'		[m+1s-1]	Standard deviation of rotated v  
24	'w_SD'		[m+1s-1]	Standard deviation of rotated w  
25	'Ts_SD'		[K]		Standard deviation of sonic temperature
26	'c_SD'		[mg+1m-3]	Standard deviation of CO2 concentration
27	'q_SD'		[g+1m-3]	Standard deviation of H2O concentration
28	'P_SD'		[kPa]		Standard deviation of air pressure
29	'uv_unrot'	[m+2s-2]	Covariance of unrotated u and v 
30	'uw_unrot'	[m+2s-2]	Covariance of unrotated u and w 
31	'uTs_unrot'	[K+1m+1s-1]	Covariance of unrotated u  and sonic temperature
32	'uc_unrot'	[mg+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of unrotated u  and CO2 concentration
33	'uq_unrot'	[g+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of unrotated u  and H2O concentration
34	'vw_unrot'	[m+2s-2]	Covariance of unrotated v and w 
35	'vTs_unrot'	[K+1m+1s-1]	Covariance of unrotated v  and sonic temperature
36	'vc_unrot'	[mg+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of unrotated v  and CO2 concentration
37	'vq_unrot'	[g+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of unrotated v  and H2O concentration
38	'wTs_unrot'	[K+1m+1s-1]	Covariance of unrotated w  and sonic temperature
39	'wc_unrot'	[mg+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of unrotated w  and CO2 concentration
40	'wq_unrot'	[g+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of unrotated w  and H2O concentration
41	'uv'		[m+2s-2]	Covariance of rotated u and v 
42	'uw'		[m+2s-2]	Covariance of rotated u and w 
43	'uTs'		[K+1m+1s-1]	Covariance of rotated u  and sonic temperature
44	'uc'		[mg+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of rotated u  and CO2 concentration
45	'uq'		[g+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of rotated u  and H2O concentration
46	'vw'		[m+2s-2]	Covariance of rotated v and w 
47	'vTs'		[K+1m+1s-1]	Covariance of rotated v  and sonic temperature
48	'vc'		[mg+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of rotated v  and CO2 concentration
49	'vq'		[g+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of rotated v  and H2O concentration
50	'wTs'		[K+1m+1s-1]	Covariance of rotated w  and sonic temperature
51	'wc'		[mg+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of rotated w  and CO2 concentration
52	'wq'		[g+1m-2s-1]	Covariance of rotated w  and H2O concentration
53	'cTs'		[K+1mg+1m-3]	Covariance of CO2 concentration and sonic temperature
54	'qTs'		[K+1g+1m-3]	Covariance of H2O concentration and sonic temperature
55	'cq'		[g+1m-3mg+1m-3]	Covariance of CO2 concentration and HO2 concentration
56	'Ruv'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated u and v 
57	'Ruw'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated u and w 
58	'RuTs'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated u  and sonic temperature
59	'Ruc'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated u  and CO2 concentration
60	'Ruq'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated u  and H2O concentration
61	'Rvw'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated v and w 
62	'RvTs'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated v  and sonic temperature
63	'Rvc'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated v  and CO2 concentration
64	'Rvq'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated v  and H2O concentration
65	'RwTs'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated w  and sonic temperature
66	'Rwc'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated w  and CO2 concentration
67	'Rwq'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of rotated w  and H2O concentration
68	'RcTs'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of CO2 concentration and sonic temperature
69	'RqTs'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of H2O concentration and sonic temperature
70	'Rcq'		[#]		Correlation coefficient of H2O concentration and CO2 concentration
71	'Tlag_c'	[s]		Lag time between sonic and LiCor CO2, [s]
72	'Tlag_q'	[s]		Lag time between sonic and LiCor H2O, [s]
73	'spike_u'	[#]		Number of spikes detected and points exceeding absolute limits in u  (50 m/s)
74	'spike_v'	[#]		Number of spikes  detected and points exceeding absolute limits in v  (50 m/s)
75	'spike_w'	[#]		Number of spikes  detected and points exceeding absolute limits in w (10 m/s)
76	'spike_Ts'	[#]		Number of spikes  detected and points exceeding absolute limits in sonic temperature (-20 ~ 50 C)
77	'spike_c'	[#]		Number of spikes  detected and points exceeding absolute limits in CO2 concentration (200 ~ 1000 mg / m^3)
78	'spike_q'	[#]		Number of spikes  detected and points exceeding absolute limits in H2O concentration (0 ~ 30 g / m^3)
79	'n_missing'	[#]		Number of missing values for sonic anemometer (CSAT diagnostic code > 63)
80	'Skw_u_unrot'	[#]		Skewness of unrotated u 
81	'Skw_v_unrot'	[#]		Skewness of unrotated v 
82	'Skw_w_unrot'	[#]		Skewness of unrotated w 
83	' Skw_u'	[#]		Skewness of rotated u 
84	' Skw_v'	[#]		Skewness of rotated v
85	' Skw_w'	[#]		Skewness of rotated w
86	' Skw_Ts'	[#]		Skewness of sonic temperature
87	' Skw_c'	[#]		Skewness of CO2 concentration
88	' Skw_q'	[#]		Skewness of H2O concentration
89	'Kur_u_unrot'	[#]		Kurtosis of unrotated u
90	'Kur_v_unrot'	[#]		Kurtosis of unrotated v
91	'Kur_w_unrot'	[#]		Kurtosis of unrotated w
92	' Kur_u'	[#]		Kurtosis of rotated u
93	' Kur_v'	[#]		Kurtosis of rotated v
94	' Kur_w'	[#]		Kurtosis of rotated w
95	' Kur_Ts'	[#]		Kurtosis of sonic temperature
96	' Kur_c'	[#]		Kurtosis of CO2 concentration
97	' Kur_q'	[#]		Kurtosis of H2O concentration

There is also a group of text files containing the raw, unprocessed 10 Hz data 
from the WSULAR EC1, EC2, ST1, ST2, and ST3 stations. There are a total of 20 
files in the project database. Each file has a 4 h record that includes the 
two hours of each IOP tracer sampling period plus one hour before and after 
at each station. The filenames are 'xx#_2016mmdd.DAT' where 'xx#' designates
EC or ST site number, 'mm' is the month, and 'dd' is the day. The sonics were
oriented at 319, 324, 311, 313, and 314 degrees for EC1, EC2, ST1, ST2, and
ST3, respectively. The column header designations are:

EC1
	Header		Units	Description
1	TIMESTAMP	TS	time stamp
2	RECORD		RN	record
3	Ux_3m		m/s	wind speed of u component 
4	Uy_3m		m/s	wind speed of v component
5	Uz_3m		m/s	wind speed of w component
6	Ts_3m		C	sonic temperature
7	diag_csat_3m	unitless	Sonic diagnostic value
8	mco2_3m		umol/mol	CO2 dry mole mixing ratio inside the Li-7200 sensor cell
9	mh2o_3m		mmol/mol	H2O dry mole mixing ratio inside the Li-7200 sensor cell
10	co2		mg/m3	CO2 density (concentration) inside the Li-7200 sensor cell
11	h2o		g/m3	H2O density (concentration) inside the Li-7200 sensor cell
12	Press_LI7200_3m	kPa	Pressure measured in LI-7550
13	agc_3m		%	Li-7200 diagnostic value
14	AirTC_3m	Deg C	Air temperature at same height with the EC system
15	RH_3m		%	Relative humidity at same height with the EC system

EC2
	Header	Units	Description
1	TIMESTAMP	TS	time stamp
2	RECORD		RN	record
3	Ux		m/s	wind speed of u component 
4	Uy		m/s	wind speed of v component
5	Uz		m/s	wind speed of w component
6	Ts		degC	sonic temperature
7	diag_csat	unitless	Sonic diagnostic value
8	co2		mg/m^3	CO2 density (concentration) inside the Li-7500 sensor cell
9	h2o		g/m^3	H2O density (concentration) inside the Li-7500 sensor cell
10	Press_Li7500	kPa	Pressure measured in LI-7550
11	diag_irga	unitless	Li-7500 diagnostic value
12	AirTC		Deg C	Air temperature at same height with the EC system
13	RH		%	Relative humidity at same height with the EC system

ST1, ST2, ST3
	Header	Units	Description
1	TIMESTAMP	TS	time stamp
2	RECORD		RN	record
3	Ux		m/s	wind speed of u component 
4	Uy		m/s	wind speed of v component
5	Uz		m/s	wind speed of w component
6	Ts		degC	sonic temperature
7	diag_csat	unitless	Sonic diagnostic value
8	AirTC		Deg C	Air temperature at same height with the Sonic
9	RH		%	Relative humidity at same height with the Sonic

There are two files the non-sonic anemometer measurements by WSULAR, one for 
10-min averages and one for 30-min averages for IOPs 5-8. The filenames are 
EC2_RM_Data_xxmin.csv where the xx represents the averaging period. The 
files cover the period from 5 October to 30 October for station EC2. These 
data are unavailable from EC2. Missing values are indicated by -999. The 
column headers, description, and units are:

	1:    date, yyyy is the year, mm is the month, dd is the day, [yyyymmdd]
	2:    time, hh:mm is the middle of the 10 or 30 minute averaging period, e.g. 00:00-00:30 
                   -> 00:15, [hh:mm]
	3:    decimal_day, decimal day of year, [#]
	4:    NetSW_Avg, Net shortwave radiation, [W m-2]
	5:    NetLW_Avg, Net longwave radiation, [W m-2]
	6:    NetRad_Avg, Net radiation, [W m-2]
	7:    AirTC_Avg, Air temperature at 3.14 m, [deg C]
	8:    RH_Avg, Relative humidity at 3.14 m, [%]
	9:    AirTC_2_Avg, Air temperature at 1.6 m, [deg C]
	10:   RH_2_Avg, Relative humidity at 1.6 m, [%]
	11:   T109_C_1_Avg, Soil temperature at 2.5 cm, [deg C]
	12:   T109_C_2_Avg, Soil temperature at 5 cm, [deg C]
	13:   VW_Avg, Soil water content at 2.5 cm, [?]
	14:   shf_3_Avg, Soil heat flux at 5 cm, [W m-2]
	15:   shf_4_Avg, Soil heat flux at 5 cm, [W m-2]

Reference

Vickers, D., and Mahrt, L., (1997), Quality control and flux sampling problems 
for tower and aircraft data. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., v. 14, p. 512-526.


